现在的科技论文写作模式是由英国皇家学会和法国国家科学院确定的，已经存在了几百年。几百年前，科学家们是靠私人间的通信来交流科学研究和发现的。随着网络的出现，随着科研本身的变化，未来的科技论文写作模式很可能会改变——这是一名叫Bora Zivlokic的科学家做出的预言。

未的科技论文写作会是什么样子呢？Zivlokic在文章The future of the scientific paper（全文链接在文末）中写道：

The standard format of the scientific paper will become just one of many (and probably not the
dominant or most frequent) form of scientific communication. Different people have different talents and
inclinations. One is analytic, another synthetic. One is creative, another a hard worker. One has great
hands with the equipment or animals, while another is good with computers and statistics. One has a lot
of space and money and a network of collaborators at a prestigious institution, another is stuck in a small
office somewhere in the developing world with no research funds at all. And each can make a valid and
useful contribution to science. How?

One will have a great idea and publish it online. The other will turn the idea into an experimental
protocol that tests the idea and will publish it somewhere online. The next will make a video of the
experimental method. The next person will go to the lab and actually follow the protocol and post raw
data online. The next person will take the data an analyze it and post the results somewhere else online.
The next person will graph and visualize the data for easier understanding. The next person will write an
essay that interprets the findings and puts them into the broader context (e.g., what does it mean?). The
next one will write a summary that combines several of those findings (a review). The next will place
that entire research program into the historical or philosophical context. The next will translate it into
normal language that lay-people can understand.

这不是不可能发生的。事实上，现在已经很难看到一篇科研论文的作者只有一个人了。既然科学研究已经变成了一种集体“创造”，为什么不能利用网络变得更快、更形象和更有交互性呢？

但从另外一方面说，这种变化是可能的但非必然的。当前的科技论文写作和出版模式存在了几百年，已经很成熟并且被证明运转有效，要想对它进行改变，一定要小心谨慎，不要对科研带来不利影响。Zivlokic在文章中也提醒读者：

So, how do we prepare for this future? Slowly but smartly. Science has some very conservative
elements (in a non-political sense of the term) that will resist change. They will denigrate online
contributions unless they are peer-reviewed in a traditional sense and published in a reputable journal in
the traditional format of a scientific paper. Some will retire and die out. Others can be reformed. But
such reforming takes patience and careful hand-holding.

Zivlokic本人的博客和介绍：http://scienceblogs.com/clock/

The future of the scientific paper的全文链接：http://jcom.sissa.it/archive/07/02/Jcom0702%282008%29C02/view

转载本文请联系原作者获取授权，同时请注明本文来自张玉国科学网博客。
链接地址：https://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3686-30911.html

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