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【科研进行时】基于光学读出的微梁传感器的工作原理
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为了考验大家的理解能力和我的表达能力，决定在本文中不使用图形，全部用文字介绍。
首先由一些和研究相关的知识入手，再具体介绍基于光杠杆读出方式的读出原理。
相关的知识
1 光学的反射现象：
一束激光照射到一个平面玻璃镜子上，自然会有一束反射光，并且入射角等于反射角。
2 光杠杆的放大作用：
当一束激光照射到一个可以弯曲的梁体上的自由端上可以反光的表面，会有一束反射光的产生。当自由端受着应力作用时候，梁有一个弯曲，那么在自由端上入射角就会有有变化，那么反射角就自然要变化，那么和初始的反射角就会有一个偏角。如果梁的长度比反射光的走过的路长小的很多的话，那么就可以把梁自由端的位移放大了数倍，这就是现在AFM的光杆杆的读出方式。
放大倍数近似等于反射光走过的路程/梁的长度。
3 PSD位置传感器工作原理
可以对其表面的光点位置移动进行测定，有一维和二维PSD，目前查到的PSD产品可以达到0.05um大小的分辨率。
基于光杆杆读出方式的微悬臂梁传感器读出原理
利用一束激光照射到微悬臂梁的自由端（三角微梁的尺寸：long200 width40um thick1um ；矩形微梁long1000 width90um thick1um .上面镀金层厚度一般为20nm～60nm用作反射激光及修饰分子作用）当微梁有一个小角度偏转时候,通过了光杆杆的放大后照射到PSD上，利用PSD上检测光斑的移动，利用检测到光斑移动的信号，来换算微梁本身的小角度位移。
如果给微梁本身一个固定击振频率的话，那么会随着微梁上吸附质量变化或者有些特定反应的发生的话，PSD上检测的微梁的频率就会有一个漂移，由此显示前后质量的变化。
以上就是微梁检测的两种工作模式，动态模式和静态模式。一种检测微梁频率的变化，一种检测微梁自由端的弯曲情况。
能做什么那？
目前实验室采购是一侧镀金的氮化硅微悬臂梁，一般将，利用硫醇分子的巯基修饰到微梁的镀金表面上去，也有只有利用巯基化的抗体修饰到微梁表面上去。
可以用在检测DNA杂交(McKendry et al. 2002),单碱基对DNA错配(Fritz et al. 2000a)，检测蛋白质和抗体的识别(Arntz et al. 2003)，蛋白质和DNA的相互作用(Huber et al. 2006)，聚电介质分子刷(Zhou et al. 2006)的不同PH值响应， DNA的构象变化(Shu et al. 2005)，蛋白质的(Braun et al. 2006)，重金属离子的检测(Cherian et al. 2003)等等。
因为黄兄让写点关于我现在研究的一个原理，就我的理解写成了以上的文字介绍。我们实验室在这个方向探索了几年，期待和来自不同专业的朋友交流。
交流的范围：
1 材料领域，利用纳米的制作技术制作出不同表面形貌的微梁。
2 合成领域，如果有很有趣的分子合成出来，并且可以修饰镀金表面上，并且会随着溶液条件的变化或者可以和一些特定的分子反应，都可以放到这个平台上尝试。
3 生化领域，可以做抗原抗体特异性绑定反应，及蛋白质和金属离子的一些相互作用等实验。
4 。。。。。。
下面将一些文献列出来，有感兴趣的可以下载去看看，需要的也可以留下Email。
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